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Why has this separation between the two Irish nations taken place? Certain parts of the city are Protestant whereas others are Catholic. I actually didn’t know about this until fairly recently. While recognizing the differences we must never lose sight that both groups are Christians. Faith and Philosophy, 26(2), 167-185. In Western and Southern Europe, the Catholic Church was the only Christian Church and it was headed by the Pope, who had great spiritual and temporal power. They also both believe that marriage is a holy bond, blessed by God. Differences between Catholics and Protestants led to the 80 years war between the Dutch and Spain. The political leaders Catholic John Hume and Protestant David Trimble later received the Nobel Peace Prize for their contribution. Some of these areas are physically divided by a wall, absurdly called the Peace Line. When Martin Luther protested at the corruption of the Papacy, he started the Reformation, that led to the birth of Protestantism. Available from http://protestantism.co.uk/. But that’s merely based on geography: Bushmills is from Northern Ireland (a predominantly Protestant region) and Jameson is from Cork – Catholic country. All of the Protestant Churches reject this and argue that she was only a blessed woman according to Carm.org. Both Protestant and Catholic leaders condemned the violence. But this was not to be the case. Luther wanted to reform the Catholic Church but instead, his calls for reform led to the emergence of new Churches, such as the Lutheran, typically with the support of local rulers. This immigration proved very effective and by 1703, less than five per cent of the land of Ulster was still in the hands of the Catholic Irish. More than 3,500 people have been killed in this conflict and with a total population of just 1.5 million this is a very large number. There are some important differences between Catholicism and Protestantism about the Gospels. Many people in Northern Ireland are descendants of the original population of this region and are also Catholics. Many saw the Good Friday Peace Agreement in 1998 as a milestone for peace, since it was signed by the most important political leaders on both sides. This has prevented them from reconciling to this day. Because of their more literal approach to the Bible, Protestant do not accept doctrines such as Purgatory or practices such as Lent. Judisch, N. (2009). Then we discuss the many similarities between the two groups. As a result, they only accept two sacraments. After Irish independence was a fact in 1921, the struggle continued to get Ulster back from the British. This caused many Religious Wars and in places like Northern Ireland, there are still tensions between the two denominations. This was of done because the majority in the north was Protestant and wanted to keep the bond with Britain. They believe that every believer can be saved but they must live a good life and have faith. Many weapons have been returned, but not enough to satisfy the opposing side. Over 3000 people were killed in the violence in Northern Ireland, which became known as the ‘Troubles’. It is both Protestant and Catholic. The Catholics want to be reunited with the rest of Ireland and to leave the union with England, Scotland and Wales. But Ireland’s story is not divided between Catholic and Protestant with nothing in between, says Thomas. More recent figures from 2016 show that among those of working age 44% are now Catholic … However, as this article will show you, there are real differences between the two confessions, on important theological issues and organization. Protestants are not open at all to papal primacy. The only condition was that the six counties in the north (Ulster) were to remain in the union with Great Britain. Note: To find out more about the history of the conflict and the current situation in Northern Ireland, go to the links given below. A lot of people wonder why the Catholics who feel suppressed simply do not move down south to the Republic of Ireland where they would be among their own. Terrorism and murder were carried out both by extreme Catholics and extreme Protestants. They were not successful. Catholics and Protestants believe that the Bible is the Word of God and is a source of authority and is used in their services. The pope. Justification is crucial for salvation in all forms of Christianity. Saints can help a person in this life and the life to come. Still, they are convinced that the other side is wrong. The Protestant work ethic: A lay theory with dual intergroup implications. Have you ever wondered what the differences between Catholics and Protestants? The Roman Catholic Church is the single largest church in the country although there are more Protestants … However, the majority of the Northern Irish have forefathers who emigrated from England and Scotland and these two countries have been Protestant for almost 500 years. There will be some discussion as to differences between Catholics and Protestant groups such as Anglicans, Lutherans, and Baptists. Protestant groups emerged all over Northern Europe and soon established themselves around the World. Protestants typically have a more literal approach to the bible. The Church headed by the Pope sees itself as the Universal Church, unlike the Protestant denominations. The Troubles in Northern Ireland are often cited as evidence that Christianity leads to conflict. McNulty: “That’s Protestant whiskey.” – The Wire. Both branches of Christianity believe in heaven and hell. Both groups revere the Old and the New Testament. Disadvantages Catholics Faced in Northern Ireland in the Mid 60’s In Northern Ireland during the 60’s Catholics faced a lot of disadvantages, in areas of Employment, Education, Housing, and Politics; there is evidence that even the Police Force was biased in favor of the Protestant community. In Protestant Churches, synods and congregations make the decisions regarding decision-making and governance. Sanctification is the process of becoming holy according to Judisch. The Catholics of the northern region feel that the area is theirs and they do not accept to turn their backs on it just to avoid difficulties. Aenean commodo ligula eget dolor. The Treaty of Westphalia ended the Thirty Years War. In Ireland this decision stirred strong feelings and disagreement threw the country into a civil war. Northern Ireland was a Protestant state and the Catholic minority suffered a great deal of discrimination. The Catholics felt suppressed and demonstrated for civil rights and equal treatment with the Protestants. There are many similarities between the Church headed by the Pope and Protestant denominations. According to the Evangelical view, this … Protestants, unlike Catholics, do not believe in the saints and the special powers of Mary, the Mother of God. The bible is very important in both branches of Christianity. Most Irish Catholics desired complete independence from Britain, but Irish Protestants feared living in a country ruled by a Catholic majority. In 1801, the Act of Union made Ireland a part of the United Kingdom. The Catholic Church launched the Counter-Reformation, this was a series of reforms that aimed to halt the growth of Protestantism. Divisions between Irish Catholics and Irish Protestants played a major role in the history of Ireland from the 16th to the 20th century, especially the Home Rule Crisis and the Troubles.While religion broadly marks the delineation of these divisions, the contentions were primarily political and related to access to power. Group Processes & Intergroup Relations, 9(1), pp.95-115. While the Pope is the head of the Catholic Church, Protestantism is a general term that refers to Christianity that is not subject to papal authority. Often in consequence they are called Roman Catholics. Therefore, communication has broken down several times, but they have continued their cooperation and the fact that both sides actually keep a dialogue instead of killing each other is a positive sign. On 15 August 1998, terror struck in the quiet village of Omagh. However, there are major differences between the two confessions, for example, Protestants do not accept the Pope as head of the Church. A car bomb of 650 kilos went off in the middle of the main street. Catholics believe that Christ is present in the bread and wine. Martin Luther challenged the Papacy, whom he believed to be corrupt and this led to the Reformation. It is still the hope that more integrated schools and the fact that people are tired of violence may lead to reconciliation, although this may take a generation or more to achieve. In the following text we will look at some frequently asked questions (FAQs) in connection with the situation in Northern Ireland. Most people who were brought in were Catholics. This organization has existed since 1919 and is said to be responsible for the deaths of more than 1,700 people between 1969 and 1993. Since that time the Irish have continued to rebel against their oppressors. Twenty-nine people were killed and more than 200 wounded. There are many shared beliefs between Catholicism and Protestantism, and it is important that you understand the similarities between the two groups. It is concerned with the way that sin is removed from the individual believer so that they can be prepared for salvation and immortal life in heaven. They also share many of the same religious celebrations. Protestant groups such as the Anglicans believe that if a person loses their faith then they are not justified. By following the rules of the Church, by doing good works a believer can become sanctified. Both practice Holy Communion and see it of immense significance. And some people do move, but obviously, to many Catholics this is a too simple solution to a very complex question. According to Catholics, it can be lost by committing a mortal sin such as murder. Violence against civilians has been accepted by the IRA as a means in the fight for independence, but this has changed in recent years. In the 1960s the confrontations hardened. About 93% of the Northern Irish population identifies as Christian, 1% is non-Christian and 6% is not religious. Wheeler, M., 2006. The original conflict between the Catholics and Protestants in Ireland was not truly a matter of religion -- it was a matter of social class. While Catholics are all part of one monolithic congregation, Protestants are members of many different churches. Also, it is important to remember that the actual fighting is limited to a small part of Northern Ireland. Here we are going to help you to understand the two largest branches of the Christian faith in the world today. The Catholic Church is headed by the Pope and has a clerical hierarchy. The Troubles ended in 1998, after the signing of the Good Friday Agreement. There are literally thousands of Protestant groups, while Catholics are united in a common church. While tensions between the two have eased there appears little hope for the unification of the Christian Church. These include Easter and Christmas. It is here most of the fighting has taken place. Despite having a common origin, the two Christian denominations have major differences. The Pope. Most Protestant Churches only hold that there are two, baptism and Holy Communion. Belfast and Londonderry are cities with many Catholics and Protestants. There has been some progress as a result of the Good Friday Peace Agreement, but the terrorist organizations who acknowledged it have not kept their deal entirely, which was to hand in their weapons without delay. The Catholics were suppressed through discriminatory laws and regulations, and they started several uprisings which were swiftly crushed by the police and the British Army. Ireland was liberated, but divided in two. In a ceremony, they take bread and wine in imitation of the Last Supper. On one side of the equation were the Unionists, also known as Loyalists – the Protestants. What are the ‘Troubles’ and why are there British soldiers in Northern Ireland? We will help you to understand these, with specific references to how they interpret the bible and their different practices. The biggest obstacle was that the majority of people in this region did not want to be liberated; they were Protestants and were happy as citizens of the United Kingdom. In general, despite their differences, Protestant churches all hold broadly similar beliefs. These are baptism, confirmation, communion, matrimony, penance, holy orders and extreme unction (last rites). There is a discussion on the long conflict between the two confessions. Sanctification, satisfaction, and the purpose of purgatory. The Catholic Church has 7 sacraments. Ireland – or the Republic of Ireland as it is officially named – is now a completely separate country and has no longer any formal bond to the UK. Before the Troubles, Orange picnics were enjoyed by the whole community, rather than exclusively Protestants. On the other hand the Protestants have represented the oppressive British side consisting of the privileged classes in society with better jobs, brighter opportunities, and better wages. Maybe you think it is not that important. Many people in Northern Ireland are born and bred with scepticism and even hatred towards those on the other side. The Troubles, also called Northern Ireland conflict, violent sectarian conflict from about 1968 to 1998 in Northern Ireland between the overwhelmingly Protestant unionists (loyalists), who desired the province to remain part of the United Kingdom, and the overwhelmingly Roman Catholic nationalists (republicans), who wanted Northern Ireland to become part of the republic of Ireland. Initially, the wars were motivated by the conflict and rivalry that developed due to a change in the religious balance. Apparently it is, or was, a thing among certain Irish-Americans to signal their genuine Irishness by refusing Bushmills and drinking Jameson, supposedly the whiskey of Catholics and supporters of the Republic of Ireland. As always, the hope for a better future lies with the children, who are not as overpowered by hatred as adults. The differences between Catholic and Protestant is essential if you are to understand modern history according to Heal. They both believe in the concept of sin and original sin and both need to be overcome for salvation. The conflict is primarily a social and cultural one. Now, more than 85 years later, the situation is still unresolved. Therefore, we end up with a rather confusing situation with a split population from two different cultural and religious backgrounds. Political separation of Northern Ireland from the rest of Ireland did not come until the early 20th century, when Protestants and Catholics divided into two warring camps over the issue of Irish home rule. Many civilians have been hurt or killed. Northern Ireland has had its own assembly ('parliament') in the period following the Peace Agreement. The battle between Catholics and Protestants is rooted in history. In the context of Christ… There are 520 million Protestants mainly in Northern Europe and North America. As the Protestant English landowners "ascended" to the gentrified class in the 1700s, the Irish Catholics descended deeper into lives of desperation and deprivation. Religious teachings are not an issue between the Catholics and Protestants. The principle of Justification is the biggest doctrinal difference between Catholicism and Protestantism. If you want to really understand Christianity, you need to understand its various groups. The civil war did not change the decision. The divide between the Protestant and Catholic communities grew wider during the Troubles in Northern Ireland, especially in counties near the border. Although there are some integrated schools, many children go to separate schools and a lot of inhabitants have never spoken to Protestants or Catholics, respectively. Both groups are Christians and they believe in one God, who made heaven and earth. Philpott, D., 2000. They are both small cities and to compare them to Norway, even the capital Belfast is smaller than Oslo. Historically, the Catholics have been poor, oppressed and often unemployed. They reject the idea of apostolic succession advocated by Catholics. But there are other Catholics who do not accept the Pope’s … Why do not the Catholics move south to Ireland? It can still be dangerous to be in the neighbourhoods of the other side, but there are also neutral districts in Belfast. They believe that Jesus Christ is the Son of God and that he died for their sins. After most of Ireland got its freedom from Britain, the northern part remained in union with England, Scotland and Wales. Both groups are growing, in the Developing World but the level of attendance, at their services in North America and Europe, is declining. There are also crucial differences in both groups beliefs about the priesthood, communion and they also have major differences in theology, such as in their respective doctrine on Justification. The terms Protestant and Catholic are not really opposites. The division between Catholic and Protestant changed European history and led to a series of bloody religious wars, especially in the 16th and 17th. In 1922 Ireland was partitioned. The sectarian violence resulted in the terrorist campaign of the IRA and Loyalist Paramilitaries. “People have always been diverse. The majority on both sides are tired of all the violence and the personal losses caused by it. After a period of guerrilla war, an agreement was reached with England about Irish independence in 1921. Catholicism and Protestantism are two denominations of Christianity, just like Shia and Sunni are sects of Islam. The widely-accepted Irish-American version is that Jameson is Catholic whiskey and Bushmills is Protestant whiskey. Throughout history the Protestant congregations have divided many times. Levy, S.R., West, T.L., Ramirez, L., and Karafantis, D.M., 2006. Catholic is an adjective derived from the Greek adjective καθολικός, meaning \"general; universal\" (cf. They typically recognize other Protestant Churches as equal and also hold that salvation is possible for those who belong to other denominations, according to the Southern Seminary. Protestants, however, saw this action as a provocation against them as a group and the situation got out of control. On the other side were the Nationalists, or Republicans – the Catholics. The dogmas crafted by the Protestants are the gist root cause of the theological differences between the Protestants and Catholics giving rise t… Another one of the similarities between the two is the belief in baptism. Moreover, many Protestant denominations such as the Anglican allow women to be priests. CARM. Conflict between Protestants and Catholics in the United States had already broken out in violence before the first potato plant wilted in Ireland. The two also agree that there are a heaven and a hell. Catholic Bishop Francis Patrick Kenrick (1796-1863), an Irish immigrant himself, objected to Protestant teachers’ leading students in singing Protestant hymns … The Republic of Ireland is historically a Catholic country and a large majority of the Irish are Catholics. Both confessions believe that it is important as it allows a person to become a full member of the Church. Most people who live in the countryside do not witness the violence in any other way than TV viewers around the world. This party has official MPs who are legally elected for Parliament in London. The Catholic Church there faces the same challenges as in Ireland – falling attendance, financial challenges and an à la carte attitude to its teachings – but it remains engaged with society. According to the teachings of the Church headed by the Pope, believers can be justified by both faith and good works, such as charitable acts. Its Popularity Is Both New and Old. Catholics have a Pope, which they consider a vicar for Christ — an infallible stand-in, if … In Catholicism only consecrated men can become priests who can celebrate the sacraments. What do the Catholics and the Protestants want in Northern Ireland? Catholics and Protestant do not accept all the books of the Old Testament. However, they have refused to take their seats there as a protest against British political and military presence in Northern Ireland. While the popularity of Irish whiskey is exploding lately, the first … Northern Ireland, on the other hand, is still a part of the UK (the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland), together with England, Scotland and Wales. Protestants and Catholics stress the importance of living a life like Christ. Here are some of the main differences that you need to remember. Believers need to be members of the Church to be sanctified and unlike Catholics, most such as the Calvinists reject this view. There are an estimated 1.2 billion Catholics in the World. The wish for independence grew stronger and stronger and England had more and more difficulty in controlling the rebellious Irishmen. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/northern_ireland/default.stm, http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/recent/troubles/, http://www.guardian.co.uk/Northern_Ireland/flash/0,6189,344683,00.html, Find out more about Parliament and British politics. The Catholic Church sees itself as the only legitimate and Universal Church and only it can help a person to be saved. So: closed, Catholics vs Baptists – Differences And Similarities Discussed, https://carm.org/catholic/what-is-the-difference-between-protestantism-and-catholicism. In the 1960s the Catholics sought equal rights’ and this led to sectarian rioting. Introduction to Protestantism (2016) Introduction to Protestantism: Examining the Protestant faith. Catholics have a special place for Mary the mother of Jesus Christ. Sinn Féin is the political party in Northern Ireland which has had the closest bond to the IRA. 1818 N Vermont Ave British soldiers came in 1969 to bring order to society, but unfortunately took sides and the discrimination against Catholics went on. Those who live a good Christian life get to heaven, while those who have committed mortal sins are sent to hell by God. They believe that they can intercede for the faithful and she can grant their prayers. Degrees of reaction have ranged from friendly disagreement (as reflected in the numerous ecumenical dialogues produced between the two groups), to outright persecution and murder of Protestants at the hands of Rome. Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, A Greek-English Lexicon). The Catholics want to be reunited with the rest of Ireland and to leave the union with England, Scotland and Wales. Cambridge University Press. In many forms of Protestantism, any believer can become a priest and they do not even need to be consecrated. The Protestant v Catholic conflict has defined Irish history since the 16th century and has led to innumerable conflicts. Jameson hails from Catholic-rich County Cork, whereas Bushmills originates from Protestant-heavy Northern Ireland. The Protestants, on the other hand, wish to remain within the UK because they feel culturally and historically a part of this union since their ancestors emigrated from England and … In 1793, with Irish Catholics having the vote on the same terms as Irish Protestants, and with their playing a front-line role in the defence of Ireland in the event of a French invasion, it might have been assumed that the Catholic question was now over. The Protestant Irish, often referred to as the Scotch-Irish here, began, for the most part, immigrating sooner than Irish Catholics, many in the 1600s … The aforementioned poet/playwright William Butler Yeats was a prominent member of the Irish Senate in its early years and, in a 1925 speech opposing a law banning divorce (quoted above in part) vociferously defended the dignity of his fellow Anglo-Irish Protestants after southern Ireland achieved Home Rule and a Catholic majority came to power. World Politics, 52(2), pp.206-245. People suspected of being terrorists could be kept in internment (in practice the same as jail) for years without a trial. Many of the Protestant Churches hold very similar views but some such as the Anglican are more similar to Catholicism than the Baptists. To increase their control, they sent Protestant Englishmen and Scots to settle in this area and simply take over land from the Irish. The terrorist group behind the bomb was against the peace process and wanted to ruin the productive communication between the two sides by creating new hatred. What is the difference between Ireland and Northern Ireland? The Protestant v Catholic conflict has defined Irish history since the 16 th century and has led to innumerable conflicts. Justification is a state that can be lost. Northern Ireland is a Protestant-majority region within the UK with a large minority who profess to be members of the Church of Rome. French Calvinists grew very strong and this led to a series of Religious Wars and the infamous St Bartholomew’s Day Massacre in Paris. Their stated goal was to join the Republic of Ireland, which had won its independence in 1921. Conflict between Protestants and Catholics in Ireland The troubles The country of Ireland, which is known for its beautiful scenery, is divided into two parts. Moreover, they only accept the bible as the sole authority in religious matters, while Catholics also respect tradition. The English had a particularly difficult job in ruling the Irish in the northern corner of the country (called Ulster). Enormous paintings on various buildings show which area you are in. Protestant Churches reject this claim because it is not mentioned in the bible. There are Catholics who accept the universal jurisdiction of the Pope, the Bishop of Rome. Los Angeles, CA, United States, Mo-Fr: 8:00-19:00 They do not believe in different gods. There are a whole host of differences between Catholicism and Protestantism. It’s probably best not to make assumptions. Available from https://carm.org/catholic/what-is-the-difference-between-protestantism-and-catholicism. Below are some points that can help you to understand the similarities between Catholics and Protestants. More recent Irish history is still inextricably bound up with the religious divide between the Protestant majority of Northern Ireland and the Roman Catholic majority of the Irish Republic. The last census in 2011 put the Protestant population at 48%, just 3% more than Catholics at 45%. They are mostly found in southern Europe, Africa, Asia, and Latin America. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit. Another difference between Catholics and Protestants is with regard to communion. This is rejected by all the mainstream Protestant Churches, who hold that people are only justified by faith alone, according to Levy et al. Protestant reject this and believe that it is not based on the bible and praying to the saints is frowned upon, because there is no reference to it in the bible, according to the Southern Seminary. So the conflict is cultural, social and historical rather than religious. Slick, Matt (2016) What is the difference between Catholic and Protestant. 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